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Agreed. Also, double-check that your BIOS is fully updated, since older versions can sometimes cause that exact block.

And just to be sure, did you actually enable the TPM in your BIOS settings?

You could also try using the official Media Creation Tool to bypass some of the upgrade checks.

This. Yeah, that's a common fix. One extra tip: if you can get into recovery, try running the startup repair tool first—it sometimes catches those driver issues.

+1 You could also check if your motherboard has a TPM header to add a module, but that's less common. Another option is using a script called "Skip_TPM_Check" that some folks have had luck with.