Windows Upgrade Help and more

After that, try clearing the TPM in Windows Security under "Device security" to see if it gets recognized properly.

This. You could also try temporarily disabling any third-party antivirus software during the install, as that sometimes interferes.

Agreed. You could also check if there's a separate "PTT" or "Platform Trust Technology" setting in your BIOS, as some boards label it that way instead of TPM. Hope that helps.